Electromagnetic radiation can be at all frequencies except zero (DC), but radiation at various frequencies may take different forms. Radiation is the process of emitting energy from a source. Some of the most commonly used antenna structures are shown. Here we shall restrict our discussion to some very commonly used antenna structures. Usually antennas are metallic structures, but dielectric antennas are also used now a day., In our discussion we shall consider only metallic antennas. An antenna can also be thought of as a transitional structure between free space and a guiding device (such as transmission line or waveguide). Thus, an antenna is a device used for radiating or receiver radio waves. In wireless communication systems, signals are radiated in space as an electromagnetic wave by using a receiving transmitting antenna and a fraction of this radiated power is intercepted by using a receiving antenna.
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